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Head Professor: Aristides Eliopoulos
Head Professor: Marianna Karamanou
Head Professor: Paraskevi Moutsatsou
This course covers the following topics: mechanics of the human body, blood pressure and the cardiovascular system, electric signals from the body, hearing and speech, interaction and biological effects of ionizing radiation, basic principles of radiation protection, diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, ultrasounds, magnetic resonance imaging and medical lasers.
Learning outcomes
Upon completion of this course, students will be familiar with the aspects of physics which are related to the human body, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation in medicine. Hence, the course will be a physics foundation for their medical degree curriculum as well as for postgraduate medical training.
Head Professor: Panagiots Papagiannis
This course gives an overview of the most commonly used analyses linking them to study design, including descriptive statistics, estimation and hypothesis testing, t-test, chi-squared test, correlation, linear regression, logistic regression, non-parametric tests, an introduction to probability theory and basic concepts in the evaluation of medical tests.
In addition to lectures, students will receive practical instruction with a focus on the SPSS statistical software package.
Learning outcomes
At the end of this course, students will be familiar with the statistical methods now employed in medical research. They will also understand how to interpret the results. Sound knowledge of statistical methods and their applications in medical research allows the choice of the appropriate study designs and data analysis methods that ultimately lead to valid conclusions based on evidence. That is the cornerstone of evidence-based medicine.
Head Professor: Klea Katsouyanni
1. Use of English Medical Terminology (2 ECTS) - Head Professor: Emmanouil Zoumakis
or
2. Disaster medicine and Humanitarian Aid in the 21st Century and the EU (2 ECTS) - Head Professor: Emmanouil Pikoulis
This course offers an introduction to studying the cellular and molecular basis of inheritance by covering such topics as: genome structure, regulation of gene expression and patterns of inheritance pertinent to the monogenic and polygenic nature of human pathologies. A component on population and developmental genetics is also included in the course. Cutting-edge applications of genetics in modern medical practice are discussed, including pharmacogenetics, nutrigenetics, gene and stem cell therapies.
Learning outcomes
Medical students who complete Biology 2 course gain a solid understanding of molecular biology and medical genetics as well as practical DNA technology abilities.
Head Professor: Aristides Eliopoulos
The Neuroanatomy component of the course covers the anatomy and organization of the nervous system, including spinal cord and pathways, sensory and motor systems, brain anatomy, autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cerebral circulation. The Neurophysiology component covers membrane potentials, synaptic transmission, neurotransmitters, spinal reflexes, ANS, somatosensory system, special senses control of voluntary movement, basal ganglia, cerebellum, cerebrospinal fluid, bloodbrain barrier, sleep and wakefulness, electroencephalogram, learning and memory.
Learning outcomes
At the end of this course, students will have the knowledge to understand the structure and function of the nervous system—from the properties of individual nerve cells to their role in organized neuronal circuits that generate behavior.
Head Professors: Theodore G. Troupis (Neuroanatomy), George Kollias (Neurophysiology)
Biochemistry 1 covers the fundamentals of the role and action of enzymes (catalytic theory, mechanisms of catalysis, Michaelis-Menten equation, types of inhibition, coenzymes and cofactors, allosteric enzymes), the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, proteins and nucleotides (purines and pyrimidines), the hormonal regulation of the metabolic pathways and the molecular mechanisms underlying related diseases and their treatment.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course, students will be able to understand the mechanisms of energy production, the regulation of the reactions, as well as the consequences of any deficiencies.
Head Professor: Athanasios Papavassiliou
The course Histology - Embryology 1 aims to equip students with knowledge on the structure and functions of the human cell. Different types of human tissues, such as epithelial, connective, bone and cartilage, muscular, blood, neural, cardiovascular, immune and lymphoid are discussed and practical laboratory training is provided. Lectures cover topics including the menstrual cycle, mitosis and meiosis, spermatogenesis and ovarian follicle development, as well as the process of reproduction, the stages of embryo and placental development and the associated congenital anomalies. Furthermore, a variety of important aspects of crucial mechanisms, such as cellular signaling and senescence, apoptosis and carcinogenesis, are being elucidated.
Learning outcomes
Students who complete this course will be familiar with the structure and functions of the human cell.
Head Professor: Vassilis Gorgoulis
1. First Aid (2 ECTS) - Head Professor: Christina Routsi
The basic principles that underlie the operation of the human body’s various systems and processes are covered in Physiology 1, along with the ways in which they interact to maintain the body alive and in proper condition. The course provides basic background information on homeostatic mechanisms and cellular communication, endocrine physiology, metabolism, reproductive physiology, the muscular system, blood physiology and immunology, wound healing and thermoregulation, experimental methodology and technological advances.
Learning outcomes
By the end of the course, students should be able to discuss the molecular and cellular pathways responsible for physiological processes as well as how their dysregulation leads to the generation of pathology.
Head Professor: George Kollias
The course covers the fundamental aspects of eukaryotic gene transcription, the targeting of DNA repair mechanisms in cancer, the mechanisms of cell-cycle regulation and apoptosis, the role of hormones in mediating hormonal physiological outputs, the metabolic interrelationships between liver, adipose tissue, brain and skeletal muscles in the integration of metabolism.
Learning outcomes
Upon completion of the course, students shall be familiar with the cell signaling pathways in cancer, the hormone cascade pathways and the effector responses in a variety of hormonοregulated physiological processes and the metabolic interrelationships during feeding-starvation cycle, exercise and the metabolic integration in diabetes.
Head Professor: Athanasios Papavassiliou
The Histology component of this course covers the organization of tissues in the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the male and female reproductive systems, the skin and dermal appendages, the mammary gland and the sensory organs. The Embryology component of this course covers the development of the respiratory system, the digestive system, the liver and biliary system, the pancreas, the urinary system, the endocrine and exocrine glands, the genital system, the nervous system, the face and palate, the skin and its appendages, the musculoskeletal system, the circulatory system and the sensory organs.
Learning outcomes
Throughout this course, students will develop a sound knowledge of the organization of tissues. Detailed microscopic observation in the laboratory will be used to improve students’ understanding of the subject matter taught.
Head Professor: Vassilis Gorgoulis
This course covers topics including: head and neck anatomy, specific organs; thoracic anatomy, thoracic wall, axilla, mediastinum, thoracic duct; pericardium, diaphragm, abdominal wall, abdominal cavity; pelvis and perineum, pelvic sidewall, pelvic floor; spinal column, skull and foramen; osteology, arthrology, syndesmology, peripheral vascular and nervous systems, plexus (brachial, lumbar-sacral) of the upper (arm, forearm, hand) and the lower (thigh, leg and foot) extremity. The course entails unilateral in-depth neck, thorax, axilla, abdomen, groin and pelvis cadaveric dissection.
Learning outcomes
Students completing this course are expected to demonstrate an understanding of the contribution of the deceased to the education of the living and display appropriate professional behaviors, including compassion and respect for the dignity of the departed.
Head Professor: Theodore G. Troupis
1. Precisiοn Medicine (2 ECTS) - Head Professor: Despoina Sanoudou
or
2. Biomedical Engineering and Technology (2 ECTS) - Head Professor: Theodoros Papaioannou
Through Descriptive Anatomy students have the opportunity to study in detail the anatomical regions of the human body, along with the organs and functional systems. Cadaver dissection, lectures in the amphitheater and locations with Anatomage tables or Human Body Navigators are all used to teach anatomy. This course’s subjects include: abdominal anatomy, the digestive system, the abdominal wall and groin, the peritoneum and omentum, the retroperitoneum, the abdominal aorta, the inferior vena cava, the nerves, the lymphatics/lymph nodes, the abdominal organs, the esophagus, the stomach, the small intestine, the appendix, the large intestine and anorectum, the liver, the extrahepatic biliary tract and gallbladder, the pancreas, the spleen, the respiratory system, the genitourinary system, the kidneys and ureters, the adrenal glands, the urinary bladder, the male and female genital systems, breast anatomy and anatomy of the heart.
Learning outcomes
By the end of the course, students will possess a comprehensive base of knowledge with respect to the anatomical regions, the organs and the functional systems of the human body.
Head Professor: Theodore G. Troupis
This course aims to introduce students to the structure and function of the cardiovascular, respiratory, urinary and digestive systems, linking basic medical sciences with clinical medicine. It covers such topics as: cardiac rhythm, blood and lymph flow, circulation, mechanics of the heart and lungs, gas exchange, respiration, renal function, pH regulation, urination, digestion, absorption, gastrointestinal motility, physiology of the liver, the gallbladder and the pancreas.
Learning outcomes
By the end of the course, students should be able to discuss the molecular and cellular pathways responsible for physiological processes as well as how their dysregulation leads to the generation of pathology.
Head Professor: George Kollias
In general pathology, disease processes are explained in the light of malfunctions at the cellular and tissue level, offering a rich understanding of the clinical correlates of all aspects of fundamental cellular pathology, pathophysiology, and basic biomedicine. The following topics of systematic pathology are included in Pathology 1: diseases of bone, joints, soft tissues, lymphoid tissue, neural tissue, special sense organs, endocrine glands and skin.
Learning outcomes
This course presents an up-to-date but deep understanding of disease states at the cell and tissue levels. It is concerned with cellular pathology, inflammation, immunopathology, tumor biology, and the genetic basis of disease.
Head Professor: Kavantzas Nikolaos
In General Microbiology - Immunology students are introduced to such topics as: bacteriology, virology, parasitology, mycology, microbial taxonomy, the interaction between microbes and the host, microbial genetics, basic immunology and immunology related to infectious diseases. Furthermore, they are introduced to the mechanics of antibiotics, disinfectants and antiseptics, as well as to the immunological assays. Lectures are supplemented by tutorials and practicals related to basic microbiological methods, namely microscopy, culture, susceptibility testing, immunological and molecular assays. The abovementioned activities involve small groups of students.
Learning outcomes
This course provides students with an introduction to specific branches of microbiology and immunology. They are also offered laboratory-based discussions and practical sessions.
Head Professor: Tsakris Athanasios
1. Mechanisms of disease (2 ECTS) - Head Professor: Athanasios Tzioufas
or
2. Clinical Biochemistry (2 ECTS) - Head Professor: Paraskevi Moutsatsou
All systematic pathology topics to be studied in this course are packed with clinical-laboratory correlations. The course is delivered within a case-based learning approach. Topics to be covered throughout the semester include: digestive tract and related organs, head and neck, respiratory system, circulatory system, nephropathology - genitourinary pathology, gynecological and breast pathology, pathology of pregnancy and the fetus, polysystematic diseases.
Learning outcomes
By the end of the semester, students will be familiar with the origins of diseases, the morbid and reactive processes, and the outcomes of diseases as they affect the different systems and, through them, the body as a whole.
Head Professor: To be announced
The objective of this course is to provide direct insights into the disease pathophysiology of: the immune system; fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance; kidney; the respiratory system; the cardiovascular system; the hematopoietic system; infections; the endocrine glands; the gastrointestinal tract; liver and pancreas.
Learning outcomes
Through the Pathophysiology course students, having already been taught the normal function of the human body, are introduced to the mechanisms of diversion from normal and disease development. This knowledge renders them capable of perceiving the molecular mechanisms and functional changes of the human body that lead to disease clinical expression, with the further goal of supporting their future diagnostic and therapeutic approach on an etiopathogenetic basis.
Head Professor: To be announced
Through lectures and the use of digital technologies this course equips students with the fundamental information and the general principles underlying the action and use of drugs in medical practice. During the semester, students also have the option of taking experimental pharmacology classes.
Learning outcomes
At the end of this course, students will be acquainted with the properties of the clinically relevant drug classes and prototypes, including molecular actions, pharmacokinetics, major therapeutic indications, side effects and interactions.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course covers fundamental and clinical aspects of microbiology and immunology related to the infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, etc.). These are thoroughly discussed, with a special focus on their morphology, biology, diagnosis, epidemiology, pathogenesis, therapy and prevention. The role of the specific and non-specific immune systems in defense against infection and disease, as well as in the causation of disease (immunopathogenesis), is emphasized.
Learning outcomes
Students who complete this course will have a broad understanding of medical and molecular aspects of bacteriology, virology, parasitology, mycology, epidemiology, and immunity to infection. They will also receive practical training on topics ranging from infections to diagnostic methods used.
Head Professor: To be announced
The key objective of this course is to provide students with a basic knowledge of topics of psychology pertinent to medical practice, including the cognitive and psychosocial processes as well as the psychological development of an individual under conditions of health and illness. Cognitive processes will be discussed in the context of clinical thinking and reasoning, with the aim of facilitating medical problem-solving and treatment decision-making, with a lower probability of medical error. Students will also discuss learning as a means of modifying maladaptive patients’ beliefs and behaviors within the context of the doctor - patient relationship. Another major goal of the course is to examine doctor - patient communication and the psychosocial factors that influence it. Particularly in patients with chronic diseases, this communication can be used as a tool for enhancing health and aiding in sickness adaptation through the development of self-regulation skills. In this context, students will become more sensitized to the impact of psychological stress on health and illness; a special emphasis will be placed on the importance of the patients’ and the doctors’ well-being on the one hand and the prevention of professional burnout among health care workers on the other. Students will also be introduced to the basic psychometric and neuropsychological evidence of dysfunction so as to be able to detect, in their capacity as young doctors, the coexistence of physical and mental disorders in an individual and promptly refer him/her to a specialist for evaluation. In the second part of the course, students will be introduced to the psychobiological, behavioral, psychodynamic and psychosocial models of health and illness, as well as to methodological issues. The importance and significance of mental health prevention and promotion will be discussed, as well as doctor - patient communication. Moreover, the brain - behavior relationship will be investigated, with the emphasis being placed on the functional organization of the nervous system and the psychological factors that affect human body systems, like the cardiovascular, the respiratory, the endocrine, the gastrointestinal, the urogenital and the immune systems. Finally, an introduction to social psychology, ethology and psychophysics will be provided.
Learning outcomes
Upon completion of the course, students will be acquainted with aspects of psychology related to the development of medical skills and competence. They will also learn how to apply the fundamentals of memory and learning to the challenging learning process of theoretical and practical medical skills.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course is taught in a hybrid format, meaning that half of the lessons are given in a classroom setting and the other half as training in hospital wards. Training involves obtaining medical history by body system and performing a physical examination, followed by a general medical history taking, which also includes a physical examination.
Learning outcomes
By the end of the course, students will have explored the nosology of approximately 40 major disorders of the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, endocrine, musculoskeletal and hematopoietic systems, together with that of common infectious diseases, and will be sufficiently knowledgeable in recognizing their indicative signs and symptoms.
Head Professor: To be announced
The objectives of this course are to: introduce medical students to the fundamentals of the surgical field; familiarize them with the specific features of surgical patients; provide them with the necessary knowledge regarding the pathophysiology and natural history of surgical pathologies; assist them in obtaining the patients’ history in conjunction with performing clinical assessment procedures; and perform a differential diagnosis through patients’ evaluation on the grounds of clinical and complementary medical testing data.
Learning outcomes
By the end of the course, students will be acquainted with diseases of the neck and facial region (thyroid, parathyroid, parotid glands, metastatic tumors), breast diseases, thoracic trauma, benign diseases of the esophagus, diaphragmatic hernias, peritonitis, benign diseases of the stomach and duodenum, tumors of the esophagus and stomach, hydatid disease of the liver and the lung, hepatic neoplasms, portal hypertension, ascites, cholelithiasis, neoplasms of the biliary tree, pancreatitis, pancreatic tumors, diseases of the appendix, intestinal obstruction, benign diseases of the large intestine and the rectum, colon and rectal tumors, hernias, diseases of the adrenal glands, disease of the arterial system, diseases of the venous system, diseases of the lymphatic system, neoplasms of the skin and soft tissue.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course focuses on pharmacogenomics, precision pharmacotherapy, clinical trials and pharmaco - economics. It also includes drug administration training in hospitals.
Learning outcomes
Throughout this course, students are expected to gain theoretical and practical knowledge on how to sustain and advance best health care via the safe, economical and effective use of drugs.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course is designed to introduce students to the basic techniques of imaging modalities, including plain X-ray, ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography. Additionally, it covers radiation protection, radiation therapy nuclear medicine and interventional radiology. The course adopts a system-based approach.
In Radiology I, chest and mediastinum, gastrointestinal and urogenital imaging are covered extensively. Tutorials discuss cross-sectional anatomy, imaging patterns and imaging findings of pathology. Indications for imaging and the use of the appropriate imaging modalities in the workup of patients are analyzed.
Learning is primarily through lecture attendance and small group, case-based tutorials, where students are encouraged to present cases and explore options.
Learning outcomes
By the end of this course, students will be acquainted with all current imaging modalities.
Head Professor: To be announced
The course syllabus includes the following topics: principles of screening and screening for specific conditions; hereditary conditions and principles of genetic counseling; vaccination of children and adults; basic concepts of infectious diseases and infectious disease epidemics; infectious diseases prevented by vaccination; prevention of HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases; prevention of iatrogenic infections; etiology and prevention of chronic conditions with emphasis on cardiovascular diseases and malignancies; public health nutrition; environment and public health; inequalities in access to prevention and primary health care; health services research and evaluation; health promotion; international organizations and collaborations in public health. Content is delivered through lectures and practical training in groups.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course, students will be familiar with the basic principles and concepts of public health and primary and secondary prevention.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course includes detailed instruction on the clinical approach and differential diagnosis of patients with multiple conditions, such as cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, pleural effusion, cyanosis, ascites, abdominal pain, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding, jaundice, dyspnea, edema, shock, coma, electrolyte disorders, arthritis, fever of unknown etiology, headache, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, anemia, respiratory, heart and kidney failure, paraneoplastic syndromes, metabolic and hemostasis disorders. The course is taught in a hybrid format, meaning that half of the lessons are given in a classroom setting and the other half as training in hospital wards.
Learning outcomes
By the end of the course, students will have gained practical experience of differential diagnosis of disease.
Head Professor: To be announced
The same topics as in Clinical Surgery I are covered in this course with the emphasis once more on the surgical and medical treatment of diseases. The following topics are also presented and analyzed: fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base disturbances, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, shock, surgical metabolism and nutrition, surgical infections, wound healing, burns, pulmonary embolism and retroperitoneal disease.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of this course, students will have a thorough understanding of surgical disease, which is essential for their clinical training.
Head Professor: To be announced
Epidemiology is essential in preventive and clinical medicine because it allows for the identification of disease causes as well as the evaluation of diagnostic tools, prognostic indicators, and treatments. The course syllabus includes the following topics: key sources of epidemiologic data; measures of association and disease frequency; descriptive epidemiology; formulation of etiologic hypotheses; observational studies (cohort and case-control designs); clinical epidemiology (diagnostic test evaluations, prognostic scores, clinical trials); confounding, bias and interaction; systematic reviews, meta-analyses and evidence-based decision-making; writing and reviewing epidemiological papers; ethics in medical research; subspecialties of epidemiology. Teaching includes lectures and practical training in groups.
Learning outcomes
By the end of this course, students will have a thorough understanding of basic epidemiology concepts. They will also become more acquainted with biomedical research issues and will be better equipped to practice evidence-based medicine.
Head Professor: To be announced
In Radiology 2 central nervous system, musculoskeletal system, head, neck and breast imaging are covered extensively. Additionally, students are introduced to cardiovascular and interventional radiology, emergency/trauma imaging, oncologic imaging, pediatric imaging, artificial intelligence in radiology, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine diagnostics and therapeutic procedures. Tutorials discuss crosssectional anatomy, imaging patterns and imaging findings of pathology. Indications for imaging and the use of the appropriate imaging modalities in the workup of patients are all analyzed. Learning is primarily through lecture attendance and small group, case-based tutorials, where students are encouraged to present cases and explore options. The course concludes with a two-week rotation in the Radiology Department.
Learning outcomes
Upon completion of the course, students will further their knowledge on medical imaging and the related subjects.
Head Professor: To be announced
The core topics of this course include the following: general approach to critical illness, sepsis, respiratory failure, circulatory shock, hemodynamics, blood gases, acids/bases, introduction to mechanical ventilation, trauma critical care, airway management. More specifically, through lectures and small-group bedside teaching sessions, this course emphasizes on: physiology and pathophysiology of breathing, clubbing, functional respiratory syndromes, pulmonary function tests (interpretation), breathing sleep disorders, respiratory infections (community-acquired pneumonia, tuberculosis), bronchiectasis, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (sarcoidosis, idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, pulmonary alveolar proteinosis), pulmonary-renal syndromes, the lung involvement in autoimmune rheumatic diseases, occupational and environmental lung diseases, pleural diseases, rare lung diseases, lung cancer, critical care, COVID-19.
Learning outcomes
By the end of the semester, students will have been introduced to the basic principles of critical care medicine.
Head Professor: To be announced
Cardiology training lasts four weeks and consists of lectures and clinical practice—with a discussion of interesting clinical cases—in wards, CCUs and laboratories for echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, pacing, and electrophysiology (72 hours in total, corresponding to 8 accredited points). The course syllabus includes training in obtaining medical history and developing skills on clinical examination of patients with cardiovascular disease. The topics analyzed are the following:
• acute and chronic coronary syndromes
• arrhythmias
• sudden cardiac death
• valvular heart disease
• cardiomyopathies
• heart failure
• pericardial disease
• endocarditis
• congenital heart disease
• pulmonary embolism
• preventive cardiology
• pulmonary hypertension
• aortopathies and peripheral vessel diseases.
Learning outcomes
Upon completion of this course, students will be able to perform a full examination of the patient’s cardiovascular system and identify acute coronary syndromes and significant coronary abnormalities on the ECG. Furthermore, they will be familiarized with indications of echocardiography, cardiac catheterization and electrophysiology techniques, as well as with the current therapeutic strategies in cardiac disease.
Head Professor: To be announced
Neurology rotation lasts 4 weeks and includes daily formal lectures covering all aspects of clinical neurology, seminar-style sessions, inpatient rotations (with patient assignments and participation in day-to-day clinical management), and rotations in Neurological Emergencies.
Learning outcomes
Students will have a relatively complete understanding of most aspects of clinical neurology, after completing the course; they will be familiar with the principles of neurological history taking, neurological examination, and the general neurological diagnostic approach; they will be able to recognize neurological emergencies and initiate treatment; and they will have a comprehensive knowledge of the most common neurological conditions and diseases.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course delves into some of the most important aspects of the study of urology, such as urological symptoms, clinical evaluation, imaging, infections, lithiasis, congenital anomalies, BPH/LUTS, urological oncology, infertility, sexual dysfunction, neurourology and urological emergencies. By attending clinics, operating theater sessions and other Units of the Department, students are exposed to a wide range of urological conditions (e.g., urological oncology, lithiasis, prostate diseases, urogynaecology) and have the opportunity to develop diagnostic and technical skills, working with faculty and urological residents. Furthermore, students are encouraged to participate in various research projects underway in the 2nd University Department of Urology, a European Board of Urology (EBU) accredited Urological Unit, which boasts a full spectrum of units for urological training. The Department collaborates with European and American Urological Associations. It should here be mentioned that all departmental teaching and clinical conferences are mandatory for students to attend.
Learning outcomes
Upon completion of this course, students will have developed an understanding of the various domains of urology. Furthermore, they will have become familiar with the initial stages of urological evaluation and management. Additionally, they will have obtained useful experience from their work as active members of the urology team and from their participation in clinical rounds, patient evaluations, surgical operations, clinics, and post-operative care.
Head Professor: To be announced
The medical and surgical specialty of ophthalmology focuses on addressing conditions of the eye and orbit. In this course, students will have the chance to learn the basics of ophthalmology as well as become accustomed to the fundamental clinical evaluation of patients with ocular and orbital problems. More specifically, students take 16 hours of theoretical instruction in the several subspecialties of ophthalmology. Additionally, they practice on ocular and medical history taking, slit-lamp examination, direct ophthalmoscopy, as well as on how to approach patients with ocular disease, rotating through different stations (cornea, retina, glaucoma, ophthalmic theater, Emergencies Department). Moreover, all students receive a session of drylab and wetlab practice of microsurgical skills. The Ophthalmology syllabus is enriched with students’ involvement in patient examinations in various specialized Ophthalmological Departments (glaucoma, vitreoretinal, medical retina and cornea units, etc.), in outpatient clinics and in hospital wards. Finally, students attend operating theater sessions and other surgical ophthalmological procedures.
Learning outcomes
After completing this course, students will be able to understand the fundamental principles and concepts of ophthalmology. They will also be able to recognize the difference between the major ophthalmic diseases.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course’s overall goal is to introduce students to the diseases of the ear, nose, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and upper esophagus, as well as to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the neck (primary and metastatic). Moreover, students are trained in the physical examination (including the use of endoscopes) of the ear, nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx and neck, rotating between the ENT Department, the wards, the audiology lab and the emergencies. Furthermore, they observe live surgery and, occasionally, “scrub in”. Lastly, students are exposed to all facets of the specialty including otology, audiology, rhinology and facial plastics, head and neck oncology, laryngology and pediatric otolaryngology through the attendance of practical workshops, special clinics, and operating theater sessions.
Learning outcomes
At the end of this course students shall be able to: take a detailed history and perform a complete ENT examination; interpret basic audiological investigations and head and neck imaging; diagnose, assess and manage common ENT diseases; assess and provide immediate care—with appropriate hospital referral—in common ENT emergencies, including trauma, epistaxis and airway obstruction; and perform simple clinical procedures, such as tracheostomy tube change, nasal cautery with silver nitrate and nasal packing.
Head Professor: To be announced
The aim of this course is to introduce students to the following:
• evolution of orthopedics and traumatology
• related sciences
• orthopedic biology - histology
• imaging
• applied biomechanics in orthopedics
• perioperative management and care
• physical examination and clinical anatomy
• geriatric orthopedics
• polytrauma patient and emergency medicine
• principles of fracture healing and fracture management
• closed management - open management complications
• disorders and trauma of the shoulder girdle
• disorders and trauma of the elbow
• disorders and trauma of the wrist and hand and microsurgery
• spine: trauma, disorders, disc herniation, deformities
• disorders and trauma of the hip and pelvis
• disorders and trauma of the knee, ankle and foot
• degenerative joint diseases
• joint reconstruction surgery
• trauma: compartment syndrome, muscle and tendon injuries musculoskeletal tumors and limb salvage surgery
• orthopedic pathology; metastatic bone disease
• bone tumors
• soft tissue tumors
• infectious diseases
• general principles (etiology, diagnosis, etc.)
• osteomyelitis, infectious arthritis, septic arthritis
• tuberculosis and other infections
• metabolic bone diseases, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, rickets
• neurovascular disorders, nerve injuries
• congenital and developmental abnormalities
• neuromuscular and paralytic disorders (cerebral palsy etc.)
• pediatric disorders, fractures, dislocations in children
• sports medicine, arthroscopic surgery; amputations, diabetic foot
• rehabilitation and pain management
• orthoplastic surgery and soft tissue surgery
• minimally invasive techniques, CT-guided tumor ablation, osteoplasty
• new technologies (3D-printed technology, custom-made implants, navigation, robotics)
• principles of practice.
Mandatory requirements for the completion of the course include among other things:
• clinical training in the examination, and treatment of orthopedic patients (basic trauma as well as
degenerative lesions and tumors)
• detection of fractures, degenerative lesions and tumors in various imaging modalities participation
in the Department’s clinical services
• identification of emergency and urgent presentations
• training in the basic methods of fracture immobilization and cast application
• observation of basic surgical procedures and participation in the Department’s outpatient clinics and
rounds on the one hand, and the emergency on-call duties on the other, all the above under the
direct supervision of senior residents
Learning outcomes
Having studied this course, students will be aware of the general topics of orthopedics and traumatology, which range from bone biochemistry and physiology to modern imaging and surgical techniques for complex orthopedic issues. They will be familiar with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, medical and surgical management and prevention of the musculoskeletal injuries and disorders.
Head Professor: To be announced
The Anesthesiology component of the course covers such topics as:
• basic anesthetic management plan
• risks and benefits associated with general and regional anesthesia
• perioperative pain management and acute resuscitation
The Emergency Medicine component of the course covers such topics as:
• prevention, diagnosis and management of urgent and emergency aspects of illness and injury, affecting patients of all age groups with a full spectrum of undifferentiated physical and behavioral disorders
• in-hospital and out-of-hospital triage
• resuscitation
• initial assessment and telemedicine
Learning outcomes
Upon completion of the course, students will have the knowledge and skills necessary to formulate a basic anesthetic management plan. They will also have the knowledge and skills necessary for the prevention, diagnosis and management of urgent and emergency aspects of illness and injury.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course consists of two parts: a theoretical one in which students attend lectures on several topics related to dermatology and a practical one in which students observe clinical examinations, decisionmaking processes, and patients’ treatment.
Learning outcomes
After completing this course, students will be familiar with the following: dermatology-related history taking; basic dermatological nomenclature; main cutaneous and venereal diseases; specific diagnostic and therapeutic techniques and approaches used in dermatology-venereology. They will also be able to: perform a complete dermatological examination; evaluate various clinical and laboratory findings and produce an appropriate differential diagnosis; and recognize the possibility of systemic comorbidity associated with cutaneous disease.
Head Professor: To be announced
Therapeutic decision-making in fields like oncology, cardiology, nephrology, gastroenterology, pulmonology, infectious diseases, endocrinology, neurology, and critical illnesses is the main focus of this course. While the course is essentially clinical in orientation, it nevertheless analyzes such pharmacological issues as receptor interaction, pharmacokinetics and dynamics, and drug interactions in the context of specific organ system involvement and treatment of disease states. Emphasis is placed on clinical case discussions, which are supplemented by lectures and panel discussions.
Learning outcomes
At the end of this course, students will be acquainted with concepts and methods of therapeutic communication, as well as with issues pertaining to the clinical relationship between therapist and patient.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course employs an active involvement of students in the Department of Internal Medicine, with their duties including medical history taking, physical examination, application of the findings from patient examination in the formulation of a differential diagnosis, blood sample taking and performing small surgical procedures, interpretation and follow up of laboratory tests and management of patients, participation in daily ward rounds performed by medical teams, presentation and discussion of cases admitted in the Department of Internal Medicine, attendance at the scientific meetings of the Department, at literature review sessions and at hospital interdepartmental meetings. Throughout the course, students shadow Department residents from 08:00-16:00 every working day and work night shifts at least once a week.
Learning outcomes
Upon completion of this course, students will have applied knowledge from the relevant 6th and 7th semester courses as well as the general principles of therapeutics to medical practice.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course aims at introducing students to the following topics of pediatrics:
• nutrition and feeding of the growing infant and child
• vaccinations
• child abuse
• infectious diseases
• inborn errors of metabolism
• endocrine disorders
• neurological disorders (including neurodevelopmental delay)
• nephrological disorders
• disorders of the gastrointestinal tract
• pulmonary
• hematological and oncological diseases of the child and adolescent
Throughout the course, students shadow Department residents from 08:00-16:00 every working day and work night shifts at least once a week.
Learning outcomes
Upon completing this course, students will be familiar with normal neonatal, infant and child development—and deviations from the norm—as well as with the approach required by children of different developmental stages during physical examination.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course introduces students to the care of the surgical patient, from initial admission, diagnostic evaluation, and preoperative work-up, through to operative treatment and post-operative care. Apart from the clinical training, the course also includes lectures on the following advanced topics: management of the injured patient; postoperative complications; surgical oncology; endoscopic surgery; cardiac surgery; thoracic surgery; plastic surgery; and pediatric surgery. Other topics covered include: emergency surgery and trauma, diseases of GI tract, vascular, endocrine, skin, and soft tissues, antiseptic preparation of the surgical field (video watching), benign and malignant diseases of the esophagus, benign and malignant diseases of the stomach, diagnostic and therapeutic approach to breast tumors, writing medical instructions, benign and malignant diseases of the colon, breast reconstruction after mastectomy with autologous tissues, laparoscopic and robotic surgery, indications and perspectives, diseases of the thyroid and parathyroid glands, shock in the surgical patient, genetic basis of GI neoplasms - genetic counseling, bariatric surgery, lithiasis and bile duct neoplasms, surgical adrenal diseases, primary and metastatic liver neoplasms, acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic neoplasms, wound suturing, diagnostic and therapeutic approach to vein diseases, diagnostic and therapeutic approach to arterial diseases. Throughout the course, students
shadow Department residents from 08:00-16:00 every working day and work night shifts at least once a week.
Learning outcomes
Upon completion of this course, students will have applied knowledge from the relevant 6th and 7th semester courses as well as the general principles of therapeutics to medical practice. More specifically, they will be able to differentially diagnose clinical syndromes and evaluate surgical patients’ clinical signs and symptoms. Practice in the wards and active participation in daily and grand rounds with the professor and other faculty members will improve students’ knowledge of preoperative patient preparation and postoperative follow-up. Their participation in the operating room (OR) and on-call responsibilities in the Emergency Department (ED) will allow them to practice and acquire new skills such as blood sampling, venous catheter placement, urinary catheter placement, Levin catheter placement, wound suturing, etc. Students will also acquire specialized knowledge from their contact with the different Units of the Department, namely the Breast Unit, the Upper and Lower GI Surgery Unit, the HPB Surgery Unit, and the Intensive Care Unit.
Head Professor: To be announced
This course is an introduction to the provision of comprehensive medical care and counseling services to adolescent and adult female patients. The expectation for the basic OB/GYN course is that it will provide a solid foundation for students in obstetrics and gynecology, no matter which medical specialty they will join in the future. Throughout the course, students shadow Department residents from 08:00- 16:00 every working day and work night shifts at least once a week.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course in obstetrics and gynecology, students will be able to perform histories, physicals, and medical workups and complete breast and pelvic exams on appropriate patients. Moreover, they will acquire knowledge on OB/GYN conditions and diseases. They will also further develop their interpersonal communications skills and their professionalism within the field.
Head Professor:To be announced
This course is taught in a hybrid format, meaning that half of the lessons are given in a classroom setting and the other half as training in hospital wards. The theoretical part is in reality a description of key topics of psychiatry, including psychiatric interview and history taking; psychiatric phenomenology (disorders of mental functions); psychiatric nosology (psychoses, mood and anxiety disorders, psychiatric disorders due to medical conditions, substance use disorders); differential diagnostics; psychiatric therapies (biological therapies, psychotherapies); child and adolescent psychiatry. Special topics of psychiatry are also discussed, namely psychogeriatrics, sleep disorders, eating disorders, liaison psychiatry, forensic psychiatry, and community psychiatry. In the practical part, students examine inpatients at the adult psychiatry inpatients’ wards and participate in psychiatric rounds with interns and consultants. They are also involved in outpatient clinics, the Emergency Department, as well as various other Departments and Units, such as the Day Care Hospital, the Liaison Psychiatry Service, the Child Psychiatry Unit, etc. Throughout the course, students shadow Department residents from 08:00-16:00 every working day and work night shifts at least once a week.
Learning outcomes
Upon completing this course, students will be familiar with psychiatric nosology and diagnosis.
Head Professor: To be announced
Forensic medicine is a multidisciplinary subject, defined in brief as the application of medical knowledge to the investigation of crime. It includes thanatology (study of the cause and manner of death), clinical forensic medicine (study of the injuries of the living), forensic toxicology, forensic histopathology, forensic anthropology, and medical deontology. Students learn about the aspects of everyday forensic practice by observing post-mortem examinations and attending targeted lectures. Other topics of interest to medical students (death certification, medical liability, etc.) are also thoroughly covered.
Learning outcomes
By the end of this course, students will be provided with all necessary knowledge for everyday forensic practice with a special emphasis on the proper completion of the death certificate.
Head Professor: To be announced
Hematology or Anesthesiology or Gastroenterology or General Medicine or Endocrinology or Intensive Care or Thoraco- Cardiovascular Surgery or Clinical Genetics or Neurosurgery or Nephrology or Medical Oncology or Child Psychiatry or Rheumatology.